Increasingly, people are turning to AI chatbots like Character.ai, Nomi and Replika for friendship and mental health support. And teenagers in particular are leaning into this tech.
A majority, 72% of teenagers ages 13 to 17 have used an AI companion at least once, according to
a new report
by media and tech ratings nonprofit Common Sense Media. Survey respondents said they use AI for conversation and social practice (18%), emotional or mental health support (12%) and as a friend or best friend (9%).
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AI can be a powerful tool, but it’s no substitute for genuine human interactions, both personal and professional ones, like a therapist, psychologist and researcher
Vaile Wright
said on a recent episode of the ”
Speaking of Psychology
” podcast by the
American Psychological Association
.
“It’s never going to replace human connection,” she said. “That’s just not what it’s good at.” Here’s why.
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AI chatbots were not built to provide fulfilling, long-term interactions, experts say.
“AI cannot introduce you to their network,”
Omri Gillath
, professor of psychology at the University of Kansas,
told CNBC Make It
back in May. It can’t introduce you to new friends or significant others and it can’t give you a hug when you need one.
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Instead, chatbots were “built to keep you on the platform for as long as possible because that’s how they make their money,” Wright said of the companies that create them. They do that “on the backend by coding these chatbots to be addictive.”
Ultimately, a relationship with a chatbot feels “fake” and “empty” when compared to a relationship with a human, Gillath said.
Therapy and companionship are the top reasons people turn to generative AI and chatbots, according to
Harvard Business Review
reporting. But experts warn that AI cannot — and should not — be your therapist.
“These bots basically tell people exactly what they want to hear,” Wright said. “So if you are a person that, in that particular moment, is struggling and is typing in potential harmful or unhealthy behaviors and thoughts, these types of chatbots are built to reinforce those harmful thoughts and behaviors.”
Another major weakness of this tech is that AI has knowledge, but not understanding.
“An AI chatbot unfortunately knows that some legal drug use makes people feel better,” Wright said. “It gives you a high and if somebody is saying I’m low and depressed, that might be advice it gives. But it doesn’t understand that you don’t give that advice to people in recovery from illegal drug use.”
That difference between knowing and understanding “is actually really critical when we’re talking about the use of these for therapy.”
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